Table 1 Cross-table, crude odds ratios, and adjusted odds ratios
From: Population-based survey regarding factors contributing to expectation for death at home
| Item | Preferred place of death | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home | Institution | ||||
| Age (years) | |||||
| 65–74 | 301 | 194 | 1.097 (0.707–1.701) | 0.703 | 1.102 (0.670–1.813) |
| 75–84 | 298 | 241 | 0.874 (0.566–1.350) | 0.429 | 0.824 (0.511–1.330) |
| 85+ | 58 | 41 | Reference | Reference | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 489 | 285 | 1.951 (1.514–2.514) | < 0.001 | 1.932 (1.405–2.657) |
| Female | 168 | 191 | Reference | Reference | |
| Residential district | |||||
| Community general support center East | 128 | 93 | 0.996 (0.669–1.483) | 0.368 | 0.815 (0.522–1.272) |
| Community general support center West | 90 | 59 | 1.104 (0.710–1.717) | 0.697 | 0.908 (0.561–1.472) |
| Community general support center North | 82 | 44 | 1.349 (0.843–2.159) | 0.869 | 0.956 (0.563–1.623) |
| Community general support center Central | 133 | 98 | 0.982 (0.662–1.457) | 0.303 | 0.803 (0.528–1.219) |
| Community general support center Tama Center | 119 | 106 | 0.813 (0.548–1.206) | 0.494 | 0.864 (0.567–1.315) |
| Community general support center South | 105 | 76 | Reference | Reference | |
| Residence | |||||
| Detached house | 377 | 212 | Reference | Reference | |
| Housing complex of one story | 79 | 60 | 0.740 (0.509–1.078) | 0.250 | 0.777 (0.505–1.195) |
| Housing complex of more than two stories without elevators | 144 | 142 | 0.570 (0.428–0.759) | 0.002 | 0.586 (0.415–0.826) |
| Housing complex of more than two stories with elevators | 57 | 62 | 0.517 (0.348–0.769) | 0.008 | 0.547 (0.351–0.854) |
| Residence year | |||||
| ≥ 20 years | 499 | 347 | 1.174 (0.896–1.538) | 0.959 | 0.993 (0.743–1.326) |
| < 20 years | 158 | 129 | Reference | Reference | |
| Preference for continued living in the city | |||||
| Yes | 564 | 382 | 1.492 (1.089–2.044) | 0.035 | 1.438 (1.026–2.017) |
| No or either way | 93 | 94 | Reference | Reference | |
| Family type | |||||
| Living alone | 78 | 100 | 0.568 (0.373–0.864) | 0.910 | 1.028 (0.631–1.676) |
| Living with only a spouse | 355 | 202 | 1.280 (0.907–1.805) | 0.024 | 1.519 (1.058–2.180) |
| Living with relatives other than a spouse | 121 | 99 | 0.890 (0.597–1.326) | 0.147 | 1.403 (0.887–2.220) |
| Living with a spouse and relatives | 103 | 75 | Reference | Reference | |
| Health conditions | |||||
| Healthy | 557 | 379 | 1.426 (1.047–1.940) | 0.034 | 1.490 (1.031–2.153) |
| Unhealthy | 100 | 97 | Reference | Reference | |
| Certified need for long-term care | |||||
| None | 595 | 434 | Reference | Reference | |
| Requiring support | 31 | 26 | 0.870 (0.509–1.486) | 0.436 | 1.280 (0.688–2.381) |
| Requiring long-term care | 31 | 16 | 1.413 (0.763–2.616) | 0.068 | 1.982 (0.950–4.133) |
| IADL | |||||
| Independent | 544 | 401 | Reference | Reference | |
| Decreased functioning | 113 | 75 | 1.111 (0.807–1.528) | 0.713 | 1.079 (0.720–1.616) |
| Contribution to community | |||||
| Yes | 464 | 306 | 1.336 (1.038–1.718) | 0.511 | 1.104 (0.822–1.481) |
| No | 193 | 170 | Reference | Reference | |
| Level of social activities (Continuous variable) | 0.976 (0.955–0.997) | 0.516 | 0.990 (0.961–1.020) | ||
| Affordability | |||||
| High | 509 | 376 | 0.915 (0.687–1.218) | 0.029 | 0.694 (0.499–0.964) |
| Low | 148 | 100 | Reference | Reference | |
| Communication with family | |||||
| Inadequate | 68 | 61 | 0.785 (0.544–1.135) | 0.610 | 0.900 (0.599–1.351) |
| Adequate | 589 | 415 | Reference | Reference | |
| Communication with friends | |||||
| Inadequate | 231 | 186 | 0.845 (0.662–1.079) | 0.286 | 0.850 (0.631–1.146) |
| Adequate | 426 | 290 | Reference | Reference | |